IT6313 DIGITAL COMMUNICATION LABORATORY|Syllabus

IT6313 DIGITAL COMMUNICATION LABORATORY L T P C 0 0 3 2

 OBJECTIVES:

The purpose of this lab is to explore digital communications with a software radio to understand how each component works together. The lab will cover, analog to digital conversion, modulation, pulse shaping, and noise analysis.

LIST OF EXPERIMENTS EXPERIMENTS IN THE FOLLOWING TOPICS:

1. Signal Sampling and reconstruction
2. Amplitude modulation and demodulation
3. Frequency modulation and demodulation
4. Pulse code modulation and demodulation.
5. Delta modulation, adaptive delta Modulation
6. Line Coding Schemes
7. BFSK modulation and Demodulation (Hardware(Kit based) & Simulation using MATLAB / SCILAB / Equivalent)
8. BPSK modulation and Demodulation (Hardware& Simulation using MATLAB/SCILAB/ Equivalent)
9. FSK, PSK and DPSK schemes (Simulation)
10. Error control coding schemes (Simulation)
11. Spread spectrum communication (Simulation)
12. Communication link simulation
13. TDM and FDM
                                                                                                                       TOTAL: 45 PERIODS

LAB FREQUIREMENT FOR A BATCH OF 30 STUDENTS, 3 STUDENTS / EXPERIMENT:

 i) Kits for Signal Sampling, TDM, AM, FM, PCM, DM and Line Coding Schemes

 ii ) Software Defined Radio platform for link simulation studies

 iii) MATLAB / SCILAB for simulation experiments

iv) PCs - 10 Nos v) Signal generator / Function generators / Power Supply / CRO / Bread Board each -15 nos

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IT6312 DATABASE MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS LABORATORY

IT6312 DATABASE MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS LABORATORY L T P C0 0 3 2

 OBJECTIVES:

The student should be made to:

 Learn to create and use a database

 Be familiarized with a query language

 Have hands on experience on DDL Commands

 Have a good understanding of DML Commands and DCL commands

 Familiarize advanced SQL queries.

 Be Exposed to different applications

LIST OF EXPERIMENTS:

1. Creation of a database and writing SQL queries to retrieve information from the database.

2. Performing Insertion, Deletion, Modifying, Altering, Updating and Viewing records based on conditions.

3. Creation of Views, Synonyms, Sequence, Indexes, Save point.

4. Creating an Employee database to set various constraints.

5. Creating relationship between the databases.

6. Study of PL/SQL block.

7. Write a PL/SQL block to satisfy some conditions by accepting input from the user.

8. Write a PL/SQL block that handles all types of exceptions.

9. Creation of Procedures.

10. Creation of database triggers and functions

11. Mini project (Application Development using Oracle/ Mysql )

a) Inventory Control System. 

b) Material Requirement Processing.

c) Hospital Management System.

d) Railway Reservation System.

e) Personal Information System.

f) Web Based User Identification System.

g) Timetable Management System.

h) Hotel Management System

                                                                                                                         TOTAL: 45 PERIODS

REFERENCE: 

spoken-tutorial.org             

                                                        

LIST OF EQUIPMENT FOR A BATCH OF 30 STUDENTS HARDWARE: 

Standalone desktops 30 Nos. 

(or) 

Server supporting 30 terminals or more.

 SOFTWARE: 

Front end: VB/VC ++/JAVA or Equivalent

 Back end: Oracle / SQL / MySQL/ PostGress / DB2 or Equivalent

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IT6311 PROGRAMMING AND DATA STRUCTURE LABORATORY II |Syllabus

IT6311 PROGRAMMING AND DATA STRUCTURE L T P C LABORATORY II 0 0 3 2

OBJECTIVES:

The student should be made to:|

 Be familiarized with good programming design methods, particularly Top- Down design.
 Getting exposure in implementing the different data structures using C++
 Appreciate recursive algorithms.

LIST OF EXPERIMENTS: IMPLEMENTATION IN THE FOLLOWING TOPICS:

1. Constructors & Destructors, Copy Constructor.
2. Friend Function & Friend Class.
3. Inheritance.
4. Polymorphism & Function Overloading.
5. Virtual Functions.
6. Overload Unary & Binary Operators Both as Member Function & Non Member Function.
7. Class Templates & Function Templates.
8. Exception Handling Mechanism.
9. Standard Template Library concept.
10. File Stream classes.
11. Applications of Stack and Queue
12. Binary Search Tree
13. Tree traversal Techniques
14 . Minimum Spanning Trees
15. Shortest Path Algorithms
                               
                                                                                                                      TOTAL: 45 PERIODS
REFERENCE:
spoken-tutorial.org.

LIST OF EQUIPMENT FOR A BATCH OF 30 STUDENTS: 

Standalone desktops with C++ compiler 30 Nos.
(or) 

Server with C++ compiler supporting 30 terminals or more.

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CS6303 COMPUTER ARCHITECTURE SYLLABUS

CS6303 COMPUTER ARCHITECTURE L T P C 3 0 0 3

OBJECTIVES:
 To make students understand the basic structure and operation of digital computer.
 To understand the hardware-software interface.
 To familiarize the students with arithmetic and logic unit and implementation of fixed point and floating-point arithmetic operations.
 To expose the students to the concept of pipelining.
 To familiarize the students with hierarchical memory system including cache memories and virtual memory.
 To expose the students with different ways of communicating with I/O devices and standard I/O interfaces.
UNIT I OVERVIEW & INSTRUCTIONS 9 
Eight ideas – Components of a computer system – Technology – Performance – Power wall – Uniprocessors to multiprocessors; Instructions – operations and operands – representing instructions – Logical operations – control operations – Addressing and addressing modes.
UNIT II ARITHMETIC OPERATIONS 7
 ALU - Addition and subtraction – Multiplication – Division – Floating Point operations – Subword parallelism.
 UNIT III PROCESSOR AND CONTROL UNIT 11
 Basic MIPS implementation – Building datapath – Control Implementation scheme – Pipelining – Pipelined datapath and control – Handling Data hazards & Control hazards – Exceptions.
 UNIT IV PARALLELISM 9
 Instruction-level-parallelism – Parallel processing challenges – Flynn's classification – Hardware multithreading – Multicore processors
 UNIT V MEMORY AND I/O SYSTEMS 9
Memory hierarchy - Memory technologies – Cache basics – Measuring and improving cache performance - Virtual memory, TLBs - Input/output system, programmed I/O, DMA and interrupts, I/O processors.

                                                                                                               TOTAL: 45 PERIODS

TEXT BOOK: 
1. David A. Patterson and John L. Hennessey, “Computer organization and design‟, Morgan auffman / lsevier, Fifth edition, 2014.
REFERENCES:
1. V.Carl Hamacher, Zvonko G. Varanesic and Safat G. Zaky, “Computer Organisation“, VI edition, McGraw-Hill Inc, 2012. 2. William Stallings “Computer Organization and Architecture”, Seventh Edition, Pearson Education, 2006. 3. Vincent P. Heuring, Harry F. Jordan, “Computer System Architecture”, Second Edition, Pearson Education, 2005.
4. Govindarajalu, “Computer Architecture and Organization, Design Principles and Applications", first edition, Tata McGraw Hill, New Delhi, 2005.
5. John P. Hayes, “Computer Architecture and Organization”, Third Edition, Tata McGraw Hill, 1998.
6. http://nptel.ac.i

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CS6304 ANALOG AND DIGITAL COMMUNICATION SYLLABUS

CS6304 ANALOG AND DIGITAL COMMUNICATION L T P C 3 0 0 3

OBJECTIVES:
The student should be made to:
 Understand analog and digital communication techniques.
 Learn data and pulse communication techniques.
 Be familiarized with source and Error control coding.
 Gain knowledge on multi-user radio communication.
UNIT I ANALOG COMMUNICATION 9
Noise: Source of Noise - External Noise- Internal Noise- Noise Calculation. Introduction to Communication Systems: Modulation – Types - Need for Modulation. Theory of Amplitude Modulation - Evolution and Description of SSB Techniques - Theory of Frequency and Phase Modulation – Comparison of various Analog Communication System (AM – FM – PM).
  UNIT II DIGITAL COMMUNICATION 9
Amplitude Shift Keying (ASK) – Frequency Shift Keying (FSK) Minimum Shift Keying (MSK) –Phase Shift Keying (PSK) – BPSK – QPSK – 8 PSK – 16 PSK - Quadrature Amplitude Modulation (QAM) – 8 QAM – 16 QAM – Bandwidth Efficiency– Comparison of various Digital Communication System (ASK – FSK – PSK – QAM).
UNIT III DATA AND PULSE COMMUNICATION 9
Data Communication: History of Data Communication - Standards Organizations for Data Communication- Data Communication Circuits - Data Communication Codes - Error Detection and Correction Techniques - Data communication Hardware - serial and parallel interfaces. Pulse Communication: Pulse Amplitude Modulation (PAM) – Pulse Time Modulation (PTM) – Pulse code Modulation (PCM) - Comparison of various Pulse Communication System (PAM – PTM – PCM).
 UNIT IV SOURCE AND ERROR CONTROL CODING 9
Entropy, Source encoding theorem, Shannon fano coding, Huffman coding, mutual information, channel capacity, channel coding theorem, ErrorControl Coding, linear block codes, cyclic codes, convolution codes, viterbi decoding algorithm.
UNIT V MULTI-USER RADIO COMMUNICATION 9
Advanced Mobile Phone System (AMPS) - Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM) - Code division multiple access (CDMA) – Cellular Concept and Frequency Reuse - Channel Assignment and Hand off - Overview of Multiple Access Schemes - Satellite Communication - Bluetooth. TOTAL: 45 PERIODS
TEXT BOOK:
1. Wayne Tomasi, “Advanced Electronic Communication Systems”, 6th Edition, Pearson Education, 2009.

REFERENCES:
1. Simon Haykin, “Communication Systems”, 4th Edition, John Wiley & Sons, 2004
2. Rappaport T.S, "Wireless Communications: Principles and Practice", 2nd Edition, Pearson Education, 2007
3. H.Taub, D L Schilling and G Saha, “Principles of Communication”, 3rd Edition, Pearson Education, 2007.
4. B. P.Lathi, “Modern Analog and Digital Communication Systems”, 3rd Edition, Oxford University Press, 2007.
5. Blake, “Electronic Communication Systems”, Thomson Delmar Publications, 2002.
6. Martin S.Roden, “Analog and Digital Communication System”, 3rd Edition, Prentice Hall of India, 2002.
7. B.Sklar, “Digital Communication Fundamentals and Applications” 2nd Edition Pearson Education 2007.

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CS6302 DATABASE MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS SYLLABUS

CS6302 DATABASE MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS L T P C 3 0 0 3

OBJECTIVES:
 To expose the students to the fundamentals of Database Management Systems.
 To make the students understand the relational model.
 To familiarize the students with ER diagrams.
 To expose the students to SQL.
 To make the students to understand the fundamentals of Transaction Processing and Query Processing.
 To familiarize the students with the different types of databases.
 To make the students understand the Security Issues in Databases.
UNIT I INTRODUCTION TO DBMS 10
File Systems Organization - Sequential, Pointer, Indexed, Direct - Purpose of Database System- Database System Terminologies-Database characteristics- Data models – Types of data models – Components of DBMS- Relational Algebra. LOGICAL DATABASE DESIGN: Relational DBMS - Codd's Rule - Entity-Relationship model - Extended ER Normalization – Functional Dependencies, Anomaly- 1NF to 5NF- Domain Key Normal Form – Denormalization.
UNIT II SQL & QUERY OPTIMIZATION 8
SQL Standards - Data types - Database Objects- DDL-DML-DCL-TCL-Embedded SQL-Static Vs Dynamic SQL - QUERY OPTIMIZATION: Query Processing and Optimization - Heuristics and Cost Estimates in Query Optimization.
 UNIT III TRANSACTION PROCESSING AND CONCURRENCY CONTROL 8
 Introduction-Properties of Transaction- Serializability- Concurrency Control – Locking Mechanisms- Two Phase Commit Protocol-Dead lock.
UNIT IV TRENDS IN DATABASE TECHNOLOGY 10
Overview of Physical Storage Media – Magnetic Disks – RAID – Tertiary storage – File Organization – Organization of Records in Files – Indexing and Hashing –Ordered Indices – B+ tree Index Files – B tree Index Files – Static Hashing – Dynamic Hashing - Introduction to Distributed Databases- Client server technology- Multidimensional and Parallel databases- Spatial and multimedia databases- Mobile and web databases- Data Warehouse-Mining- Data marts.
UNIT V ADVANCED TOPICS 9 DATABASE SECURITY:
Data Classification-Threats and risks – Database access Control – Types of Privileges –Cryptography- Statistical Databases.- Distributed Databases-Architecture-Transaction Processing-Data Warehousing and Mining-Classification-Association rules-Clustering-Information Retrieval- Relevance ranking-Crawling and Indexing the Web- Object Oriented Databases-XML Databases
                                                                                                                            TOTAL: 45 PERIODS 
TEXT BOOK:
1. Ramez Elmasri and Shamkant B. Navathe, “Fundamentals of Database Systems”, Fifth Edition, Pearson Education, 2008.
REFERENCES:
1. Abraham Silberschatz, Henry F. Korth and S. Sudharshan, “Database System Concepts”, Sixth Edition, Tata McGraw Hill, 2011.
2. C.J.Date, A.Kannan and S.Swamynathan, “An Introduction to Database Systems”, Eighth Edition, Pearson Education, 2006.
3. Atul Kahate, “Introduction to Database Management Systems”, Pearson Education, New Delhi, 2006.
4. Alexis Leon and Mathews Leon, “Database Management Systems”, Vikas Publishing House Private Limited, New Delhi, 2003.

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CS6301 PROGRAMMING AND DATA STRUCTURES SYLLABUS

CS6301 PROGRAMMING AND DATA STRUCTURES II L T P C 3 0 0 3

OBJECTIVES: 

The student should be made to:
 Be familiar with the C++ concepts of abstraction, encapsulation, constructor, polymorphism, overloading and Inheritance.
 Learn advanced nonlinear data structures.
 Be exposed to graph algorithms
 Learn to apply Tree and Graph structures
UNIT I OBJECT ORIENTED PROGRAMMING FUNDAMENTALS 9
C++ Programming features - Data Abstraction - Encapsulation - class - object - constructors - static members – constant members – member functions – pointers – references - Role of this pointer – Storage classes – function as arguments.
UNIT II OBJECT ORIENTED PROGRAMMING CONCEPTS 9
String Handling – Copy Constructor - Polymorphism – compile time and run time polymorphisms – function overloading – operators overloading – dynamic memory allocation - Nested classes - Inheritance – virtual functions.
UNIT III C++ PROGRAMMING ADVANCED FEATURES 9
Abstract class – Exception handling - Standard libraries - Generic Programming - templates – class template - function template – STL – containers – iterators – function adaptors – allocators - Parameterizing the class - File handling concepts.
UNIT IV ADVANCED NON-LINEAR DATA STRUCTURES 9
AVL trees – B-Trees – Red-Black trees – Splay trees - Binomial Heaps – Fibonacci Heaps – Disjoint Sets – Amortized Analysis – accounting method – potential method – aggregate analysis.
UNIT V GRAPHS 9                                
Representation of Graphs – Breadth-first search – Depth-first search – Topological sort – Minimum Spanning Trees – Kruskal and Prim algorithm – Shortest path algorithm – Dijkstra‟s algorithm – Bellman-Ford algorithm – Floyd-Warshall algorithm.                                      
                                                                                                                           TOTAL: 45 PERIODS
TEXT BOOKS:
1. Bjarne Stroustrup, “The C++ Programming Language”, 3rd Edition, Pearson Education, 2007.
2. Mark Allen Weiss, “Data Structures and Algorithm Analysis in C++”, 2nd Edition, Pearson Education, 2005.
REFERENCES:
1. Thomas H. Cormen, Charles E. Leiserson, Ronald L. Rivest and Clifford Stein, "Introduction to Algorithms", Second Edition, Mc Graw Hill, 2002.
2. Michael T Goodrich, Roberto Tamassia, David Mount, “Data Structures and Algorithms in C++”, 7th Edition, Wiley Publishers, 2004.

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MA6351 TRANSFORMS AND PARTIAL DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS SYLLABUS

MA6351 TRANSFORMS AND PARTIAL DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS L T P C 3 1 0 4

OBJECTIVES:
 To introduce Fourier series analysis which is central to many applications in engineering apart from its use in solving boundary value problems.
 To acquaint the student with Fourier transform techniques used in wide variety of situations.
 To introduce the effective mathematical tools for the solutions of partial differential equations that model several physical processes and to develop Z transform techniques for discrete time systems.
UNIT I PARTIAL DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS 9+3 
 Formation of partial differential equations – Singular integrals -- Solutions of standard types of first order partial differential equations - Lagrange‟s linear equation -- Linear partial differential equations of second and higher order with constant coefficients of both homogeneous and non-homogeneous types.
 UNIT II FOURIER SERIES 9+3
Dirichlet‟s conditions – General Fourier series – Odd and even functions – Half range sine series – Half range cosine series – Complex form of Fourier series – Parseval‟s identity – Harmonic analysis.
 UNIT III APPLICATIONS OF PARTIAL DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS 9+3
Classification of PDE – Method of separation of variables - Solutions of one dimensional wave equation – One dimensional equation of heat conduction – Steady state solution of two dimensional equation of heat conduction (excluding insulated edges).
UNIT IV FOURIER TRANSFORMS 9+3
Statement of Fourier integral theorem – Fourier transform pair – Fourier sine and cosine transforms – Properties – Transforms of simple functions – Convolution theorem – Parseval‟s identity.
 UNIT V Z - TRANSFORMS AND DIFFERENCE EQUATIONS 9+3
Z- transforms - Elementary properties – Inverse Z - transform (using partial fraction and residues) – Convolution theorem - Formation of difference equations – Solution of difference equations using Z - transform.                                                                                     TOTAL (L:45+T:15): 60 PERIODS
TEXT BOOKS:
1. Veerarajan. T., "Transforms and Partial Differential Equations", Second reprint, Tata McGraw Hill Education Pvt. Ltd., New Delhi, 2012.
2. Grewal. B.S., "Higher Engineering Mathematics", 42nd Edition, Khanna Publishers, Delhi, 2012.
3. Narayanan.S., Manicavachagom Pillay.T.K and Ramanaiah.G "Advanced Mathematics for Engineering Students" Vol. II & III, S.Viswanathan Publishers Pvt Ltd. 1998.
REFERENCES:
1. Bali.N.P and Manish Goyal, "A Textbook of Engineering Mathematics", 7th Edition, Laxmi Publications Pvt Ltd , 2007.
2. Ramana.B.V., "Higher Engineering Mathematics", Tata Mc-GrawHill Publishing Company Limited, New Delhi, 2008.
3. Glyn James, "Advanced Modern Engineering Mathematics", 3rd Edition, Pearson Education, 2007.
4. Erwin Kreyszig, "Advanced Engineering Mathematics", 8th Edition, Wiley India, 2007.
5. Ray Wylie. C and Barrett.L.C, "Advanced Engineering Mathematics" Tata Mc Graw Hill Education Pvt Ltd, Sixth Edition, New Delhi, 2012.
6. Datta.K.B., "Mathematical Methods of Science and Engineering", Cengage Learning India Pvt Ltd, Delhi, 2013.

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GE6351 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING SYLLABUS

GE6351 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING L T P C

3 0 0 3

OBJECTIVES:

To the study of nature and the facts about environment
.
 To find and implement scientific, technological, economic and political solutions to
environmental problems.
 To study the interrelationship between living organism and environment.
 To appreciate the importance of environment by assessing its impact on the human world;
envision the surrounding environment, its functions and its value.
 To study the dynamic processes and understand the features of the earth’s interior and
surface.
 To study the integrated themes and biodiversity, natural resources, pollution control and waste
management.

UNIT I ENVIRONMENT, ECOSYSTEMS AND BIODIVERSITY 12

Definition, scope and importance of Risk and hazards; Chemical hazards, Physical hazards,
Biological hazards in the environment – concept of an ecosystem – structure and function of an
ecosystem – producers, consumers and decomposers-Oxygen cycle and Nitrogen cycle – energy flow
in the ecosystem – ecological succession processes – Introduction, types, characteristic features,
structure and function of the (a) forest ecosystem (b) grassland ecosystem (c) desert ecosystem (d)
aquatic ecosystems (ponds, streams, lakes, rivers, oceans, estuaries) – Introduction to biodiversity
definition: genetic, species and ecosystem diversity – biogeographical classification of India – value of
biodiversity: consumptive use, productive use, social, ethical, aesthetic and option values –
Biodiversity at global, national and local levels – India as a mega-diversity nation – hot-spots of
biodiversity – threats to biodiversity: habitat loss, poaching of wildlife, man-wildlife conflicts –
endangered and endemic species of India – conservation of biodiversity: In-situ and ex-situ
conservation of biodiversity. Field study of common plants, insects, birds
Field study of simple ecosystems – pond, river, hill slopes, etc.

UNIT II ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION 10

Definition – causes, effects and control measures of: (a) Air pollution (Atmospheric chemistry-
Chemical composition of the atmosphere; Chemical and photochemical reactions in the atmosphere -
formation of smog, PAN, acid rain, oxygen and ozone chemistry;- Mitigation procedures- Control of
particulate and gaseous emission, Control of SO2, NOX, CO and HC) (b) Water pollution : Physical
and chemical properties of terrestrial and marine water and their environmental significance; Water
quality parameters – physical, chemical and biological; absorption of heavy metals - Water treatment
processes. (c) Soil pollution - soil waste management: causes, effects and control measures of
municipal solid wastes – (d) Marine pollution (e) Noise pollution (f) Thermal pollution (g) Nuclear
hazards–role of an individual in prevention of pollution – pollution case studies – Field study of local
polluted site – Urban / Rural / Industrial / Agricultural.

UNIT III NATURAL RESOURCES 10

Forest resources: Use and over-exploitation, deforestation, case studies- timber extraction, mining,
dams and their effects on forests and tribal people – Water resources: Use and overutilization of
surface and ground water, dams-benefits and problems – Mineral resources: Use and exploitation,
environmental effects of extracting and using mineral resources, case studies – Food resources:
World food problems, changes caused by agriculture and overgrazing, effects of modern agriculture,
fertilizer-pesticide problems, water logging, salinity, case studies – Energy resources: Growing energy
needs, renewable and non renewable energy sources, use of alternate energy sources. Energy
Conversion processes – Biogas – production and uses, anaerobic digestion; case studies – Land
resources: Land as a resource, land degradation, man induced landslides, soil erosion and
desertification – role of an individual in conservation of natural resources – Equitable use of resources
for sustainable lifestyles. Introduction to Environmental Biochemistry: Proteins –Biochemical
degradation of pollutants, Bioconversion of pollutants.
Field study of local area to document environmental assets – river/forest/grassland/hill/mountain.

UNIT IV SOCIAL ISSUES AND THE ENVIRONMENT 7

From unsustainable to sustainable development – urban problems related to energy – water
conservation, rain water harvesting, watershed management – resettlement and rehabilitation of
people; its problems and concerns, case studies – role of non-governmental organizationenvironmental
ethics: Issues and possible solutions – 12 Principles of green chemistry- nuclear
accidents and holocaust, case studies. – wasteland reclamation – consumerism and waste products –
environment production act – Air act – Water act – Wildlife protection act – Forest conservation act –
The Biomedical Waste (Management and Handling) Rules; 1998 and amendments- scheme of
labeling of environmentally friendly products (Ecomark). enforcement machinery involved in
environmental legislation- central and state pollution control boards- disaster management: floods,
earthquake, cyclone and landslides. Public awareness.

UNIT V HUMAN POPULATION AND THE ENVIRONMENT 6

Population growth, variation among nations – population explosion – family welfare programme –
environment and human health – human rights – value education – HIV / AIDS – women and child
welfare –Environmental impact analysis (EIA)- -GIS-remote sensing-role of information technology in
environment and human health – Case studies.

                                                                                                                             TOTAL: 45 PERIODS

TEXT BOOKS:

1. Gilbert M.Masters, ‘Introduction to Environmental Engineering and Science’, 2nd Edition, Pearson
Education 2004.
2. Benny Joseph, ‘Environmental Science and Engineering’, Tata Mc Graw-Hill, New Delhi, 2006
.
REFERENCES:

1. R.K. Trivedi, “Handbook of Environmental Laws, Rules, Guidelines, Compliances and Standard”,
Vol. I and II, Enviro Media.
2. Cunningham, W.P. Cooper, T.H. Gorhani, ‘Environmental Encyclopedia’,Jaico Publ.,House,
Mumbai, 2001.
3. Dharmendra S. Sengar, ‘Environmental law’, Prentice Hall of India PVT LTD, New Delhi, 2007.
4. Rajagopalan, R, ‘Environmental Studies-From Crisis to Cure’, Oxford University Press 2005.

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